electromagnetic power (”Electromagnetic energy is radiant energy that travels in waves at the speed of light. It can also be described as radiant energy, electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic waves, light, or the movement of radiation.”)

capacitative energy storage

solar and battery storage

war footing

Potential Energy/energy in joules = m * g m/s/s or m/s^2 * h

Energy is a quantity in joules. it is not usually used except in physics or labeling calories. Calories need to be big C for the food energy measurement because it is kilocalories.

Power (Watts) = P.E / time in seconds

Power is a rate in watts. It is energy divided by time.

Motion = we move things as humans. even in electronics. most things can be described as simple

kinetic energy (THESIS)

Force = mass * acceleration

Change in motion is an acceleration (like the constant for gravity m/s^2)

1 Newton force = 1 kg mass * 1 m/s/s acceleration

Energy is work can be redefined/also defined as force * distance. Joules = force * distance

Power is the rate of work. Power can be redefined as energy / time.

Watts = energy / time so it is joules per second

Energy = power * time so it is watt hours or watt seconds

Kinetic Energy = 1/2mv^2 (m = mass in kg, v = velocity in meters/second)

The amount of energy increases faster with velocity increase than mass increase (ex. guns)

Torque is rotational force

Mechanics (levers, gears, etc.) let us trade off distance and force to best suit an application

A watt of electrical power (volts and amps) is the same as one physical power

Laws Thermodynamics

1. Conservation of energy: we can’t get work out of a system when work isn’t in the system in the first place, not perpetual motion machines. so all energy is transformed
2. Entropy increases over time: Not all of the energy in a system will be available to do the work we want. Time (the arrow of time) may just be increasing entropy. yet you can’t actually break even.

Electromagnetic things can generate electricity with movement

Brushed motors are DC motors

Stepper motors are AC motors, it doesn’t have the internal components to make it a steady DC

current the way a DC motor does. It can be changed to DC by chopping off the other current with a diode or add three diodes to rectify them into being the same. DC motors might also need this rectification to change the opposite rotation to be the same current rather than an “opposite” one